Starlink Gen 3 uses a shielded Ethernet style cable with an RJ45 connector on each end. The cable carries both data and power to the dish, a method called Power over Ethernet (PoE). Starlink describes it as a 15 m detachable power over Ethernet cable running between the dish andContinue Reading
Cat8 supports 25 and 40 Gbps over a maximum of 30 meters at 2000 MHz. Cat7 supports 10 Gbps over 100 meters at 600 MHz. Cat8 is the faster cable, and Cat7 is the longer reaching one. Two units matter here. Gbps (gigabits per second) measures how much data movesContinue Reading
Zigbee and Thread are the two most common low power wireless protocols behind smart home devices like bulbs, sensors, locks, and thermostats. Both build a mesh network so devices can relay signals to each other instead of relying on a single router. The real difference comes down to what sitsContinue Reading
Crosstalk happens when a signal on one wire pair leaks into a neighboring pair and shows up as noise. Near End Crosstalk (NEXT) is measured at the same end of the cable where the signal starts. Far End Crosstalk (FEXT) is measured at the opposite end, after the signal hasContinue Reading
The biggest difference between Cat6a and Cat6e is that only Cat6a is an official cable standard. Cat6a (Category 6 Augmented) is defined by the Telecommunications Industry Association under TIA/EIA 568.2 D, tested to a guaranteed 500 MHz bandwidth, and certified to run 10 Gbps over the full 100 meter channel.Continue Reading
LPWAN is a broad category of wireless technology built for sending small amounts of data across long distances on very little battery power. LoRaWAN is one specific, open standard protocol that lives inside that category, alongside options like Sigfox, NB IoT, and LTE M. It happens to be the mostContinue Reading
Onion over VPN sends your traffic through a VPN server and then through three volunteer run Tor nodes, while Double VPN sends it through two servers owned by the same provider. Onion Over VPN wins on raw anonymity because the routing is decentralized and no single company can see theContinue Reading
Cat 4, Cat 5, and Cat 6 are three generations of twisted pair Ethernet cable, and they are not close cousins. Cat 4 tops out at 16 Mbps and is obsolete. Cat 5 supports up to 100 Mbps. Cat 6 handles up to 10 Gbps over shorter runs. If youContinue Reading
LTE-M and NB-IoT are both cellular technologies built for the Internet of Things (IoT). They run on licensed mobile spectrum, which means they use the same towers and infrastructure as regular 4G and 5G networks rather than needing new hardware installed nearby. LTE-M stands for Long Term Evolution for Machines.Continue Reading
LoRa and WiFi both send data over radio waves, but they were built for opposite goals. LoRa favors range and battery life over speed, while WiFi favors speed over range and power efficiency. Picking the wrong one can mean a smart sensor that dies in a month or a securityContinue Reading