Crosstalk happens when a signal on one wire pair leaks into a neighboring pair and shows up as noise. Near End Crosstalk (NEXT) is measured at the same end of the cable where the signal starts. Far End Crosstalk (FEXT) is measured at the opposite end, after the signal hasContinue Reading
The biggest difference between Cat6a and Cat6e is that only Cat6a is an official cable standard. Cat6a (Category 6 Augmented) is defined by the Telecommunications Industry Association under TIA/EIA 568.2 D, tested to a guaranteed 500 MHz bandwidth, and certified to run 10 Gbps over the full 100 meter channel.Continue Reading
LPWAN is a broad category of wireless technology built for sending small amounts of data across long distances on very little battery power. LoRaWAN is one specific, open standard protocol that lives inside that category, alongside options like Sigfox, NB IoT, and LTE M. It happens to be the mostContinue Reading
Onion over VPN sends your traffic through a VPN server and then through three volunteer run Tor nodes, while Double VPN sends it through two servers owned by the same provider. Onion Over VPN wins on raw anonymity because the routing is decentralized and no single company can see theContinue Reading
Cat 4, Cat 5, and Cat 6 are three generations of twisted pair Ethernet cable, and they are not close cousins. Cat 4 tops out at 16 Mbps and is obsolete. Cat 5 supports up to 100 Mbps. Cat 6 handles up to 10 Gbps over shorter runs. If youContinue Reading
LTE-M and NB-IoT are both cellular technologies built for the Internet of Things (IoT). They run on licensed mobile spectrum, which means they use the same towers and infrastructure as regular 4G and 5G networks rather than needing new hardware installed nearby. LTE-M stands for Long Term Evolution for Machines.Continue Reading
LoRa and WiFi both send data over radio waves, but they were built for opposite goals. LoRa favors range and battery life over speed, while WiFi favors speed over range and power efficiency. Picking the wrong one can mean a smart sensor that dies in a month or a securityContinue Reading
In today’s rapidly evolving digital landscape, cybersecurity is more critical than ever. One of the most vital components of securing a computer network is the firewall. Firewalls are crucial for safeguarding sensitive information and ensuring the integrity and security of private networks. This article explores in-depth how a firewall functionsContinue Reading
In the field of cybersecurity, ransomware has become one of the most deadly types of malware. It is designed to encrypt files on a victim’s device, making them inaccessible until a ransom is paid. Ransomware has the ability to quickly spread across networks in addition to individual devices, affecting entireContinue Reading
Peer-to-peer networks and blockchain technology are used by dVPNs to deliver a more secure, transparent, and censorship-resistant surfing experience than regular VPNs, which rely on centralized servers run by a single provider. But what exactly is a decentralized VPN, how does it work, and can it truly outperform traditional VPNs?Continue Reading